Stocks, Stock Selection, Stock Market Timing - GLOSSARY/INDEX/BIBLIOGRAPHY

While not central to the site, the following listings and notes are integral to it and underlie its centrality. Entries which have relevance to this section of the site as well as to the other (Separate Section on Market Timing) appear both here and in the other Index. Underlined entries are for the most part linked to other entries or pages.

Alphabetical ordering of subjects
Click on any live selection

100 Stocks

1929 and NASDAQ comparison chart

(Keynes's wonderful phrase.) The non-rational human psychological force which drives markets up and down, usually used in a positive sense though Keynes did not so define it. ". . . animal spirits: a spontaneous urge to action rather than inaction, and not as the outcome of a weighted average of quantitative benefits multiplied by quantitative probabilities." (The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money pp.161-162--expanded attributions to Keynes on the other part of the site Separate Section on Market Timing.) And see self deception below.

Backstrom, Michael (of Orlando)

Without him, this site would not have been possible. His knowledge, experience, enthusiasm, and technical leadership on the project were indispensable. Therefore, I am privileged to dedicate the site to him now (as well as to my friend and Patron of several centuries ago, the Bishop of Rimini.)
(I know you know that none of its shortcomings is attributable to either of them.)

Bear markets

major long-term trading ranges

Best Method of Investing, Best Way to Speculate

There isn't any. See the reason why at the single best answer to anything.

Best way to make money in the Stock Market

Blather

Books

All books are good to read. But there isn't time. The reader sets priorities by time, inclination, and interests. All books on investing are good to read. But dangerous. Several are mentioned here. The danger is that their content may not match your personality. Then if you attempt to invest or trade based on what they say, they can lose you much money despite the common sense and logic and proofs of their content.

That goes for web sites, too, including this one. How can you judge if it (the books, the sites, or anything else which seems good) is good for you. Alas, you have to try it. That means time and money. Only then will you know.

Brealey, Richard A.

Brealey's book (copy and paste -- Richard A. Brealey -- to this linked book site) is the best short introduction to quantitative anaylysis of stock-price movements. It's in three parts, 1) stock prices, the "random walk," 2) the linkage between price behavior and investor earnings expectations (sound familiar?-- "Perceptions drive market prices."), and 3) portfolio construction and risk. An Introduction to Risk and Return from Common Stocks M. I. T. Press Cambridge 1970; 2nd printing Cloth, 152 pp. Tables & charts

Cash Index

A measure of how well stocks are doing versus holding Treasury Bills or a money-market equivalent. More explanation, click here.

Charts

DIA

QQQ

SPY

HHH

Clash of Civilizations, The

Coat of arms

When I was a Student at Bologna in 1497, the Bishop of Rimini became my Patron. One of his nephews and I had become fast friends at the University, and the Bishop, who had studied in Rome with my Uncle Lucas when I was still a boy, took a liking to me and my theories of Astronomy and the Revolutions of the Celestial Bodies. Later, when I was at Ferrara, I would summer with him and his Household at Rimini on the Coast. After marrying, my Wife and I often stayed with him on our Journeys to Rome. I honor his Patronage and good favor by displaying this token, his Coat of Arms here.
For this version I am indebted to a contemporary of yours, Mr. James Wolf, and grateful for his kind permission to display, from his fascinating site on heraldry, the Bishop's arms, which you see in the Ecclesiastical section of his site (slow loading).

Common sense

Rarely found in your day and age of computerized analysis of everything. Common sense tells you to go with the crowd. And that makes good sense in the stock market. But you must first determine for yourself pretty conclusively what direction the crowd is going in. That's where Money Flows comes in.

Cootner

This is the seminal work on the random walk in stock prices. Written and edited by MIT Professor Paul H. Cootner, The Random Character of Stock Market Prices is the definitive compilation of academic articles from professional journals up to 1964. It has a lot of heavy math interspersed through the text and presents all the pros and cons from every angle. Unfortunately it is out of print and apparently not for easy sale anywhere, but libraries will have it, especially in big cities with major universities. M. I. T. Press Cambridge, Revised Edition, 1970 536 pp. ISBN-0-262-03009-8

Copernicus

Biography, short version

Copernicus

Biography, long version

'Copernicus'

"Autobiographical" segment

Current & Prev Trend Directions ("This Week's Best" Table)

These tell whether a portfolio is above or below a pair of its moving averages.

Data

"After all, data is (sic) just the plural of anecdote--as long as the anecdotes are scrupulously and systematically chosen."

--The Economist, August 17, 2002, page 60

Data Source

My primary and continuing source is Worden Brothers TC2000. My experience over years has been that their data service and analytical tools are timely, excellent, and reasonably priced, with superb customer-response availability and knowledgeable support personnel.

DIA

Also see How to Use the Tradeable Indexes.

Display

If your screen does not let you see all 20 columns in each Portfolio's table of Weekly Rankings and Prices without having to scroll to the right, and you wish to view the whole width at once, temporarily changing your screen display to 800 by 600 pixels or higher may correct this inconvenience.

Drivel

Efficient Market Hypothesis, the

Also see Cootner above.

Enantiodromia

The theory first espoused by Heraclitus and later by Jung that everything reaches an extreme, then runs to its opposite. Doesn't that describe the stock market perfectly? And, of course, that ties in with my theory concerning the Orbitings of the Celestial Bodies and the very Motion of our own Earth itself by which all the Bodies of Heaven traverse our Skies. Those which rise, set; those which set, rise.

Hegel (note) played Johnny-Come-Lately to Heraclitus's premise, inventing new nomenclature: thesis, antithesis, and adding superfluously another layer, synthesis--which was not Heraclitus's idea at all. I hold that 'antithesis' itself becomes the new 'thesis.' You do not need the third layer which Hegel trowels on. It introduces a whiff of permanence about the whole thing which is not warranted at all by observation or evidence. And Marx and Engels fell for it. In their dialectic, when the proletariat prevails, there will be no further need for class war because the goal synthesis will have will have been achieved. There is no final synthesis to the rising and setting of the Sun, just the next rising and setting. The cycle continues...eternally.

The stock market is an enantiodromian phenomenon par excellence.

Note. Barzun nicely calls Hegel "the indispensable" in From Dawn to Decadence, p. 708, discussing the near universal condemnation in England of German philosophers and culture during the madness of World War I.

Enter

ETF's

"Exchange Traded Funds"--index funds traded on the American Stock Exchange and other exchanges. They are similar to open-end mutual funds in composition and management, but unlike the latter, ETF's may be bought and sold any time during the day when the stock exchanges are open. There is no arbitrary mandatory holding period to avoid costly fees as imposed by many mutual-fund companies. They are structured broadly to mirror indexes like the Dow Jones Industrials, S&P 500, or the NASDAQ 100, or more narrowly in the form of 'sector' funds.

See How to Use the Tradeable Indexes. They are also now included in the next to last table of "This Week's Best" page q.v.

Experts

. . . those who fill your web browser and financial TV program screens with trivia, blather, persiflage, and drivel.
Most of what passes for stock and stock-market information is street-theater, a form of entertainment--like Hollywood, Broadway, Sports, and Politics. It has color, glamor, dynamics, controversy, and its own peculiar brand of "truth" which tens of millions rush to embrace.
None of this has anything to do with pure numbers.

Facts

"There is nothing personal about facts, but there is about choosing and grouping them. It is by patterning and the meanings ascribed that the vision is conveyed." --Jacques Barzun, From Dawn to Decadence: 1500 to the Present, HarperCollins New York 2000 p. xi But if they are indeed 'facts' and support the mutually agreed to definitions of two or more discusstants, nevertheless Santayana's dictum "Skepticism, like chastity, should not be relinquished too readily" has high relevance. See Perceptions

Facts and Observations

"But observation is rarely neutral; it rests on pre-conceptions and pre-perceptions. In fact, close observation can be a hindrance to scientific thought if it fastens too hard on outward appearances. A better way of observing consists in overlooking visible details, in neglecting observation (to put it rather strongly) and in viewing objects in geometrical fashion--seeing the . . . quintessence."
--Barzun, p.193 op cit

Getting Money

"The darkest hour of any man's life is when he sits down to plan how to get money without earning it."
-- Horace Greeley

How to Use This Site Huntington, Samuel P.

Index funds

The best, big, broad indexes are the S&P 500, the NASDAQ 100, and the Dow-Jones Industrials. They can be bought as open-ended mutual funds or as "exchange-traded funds" on the American Stock Exchange.

Inescapable

The need for you to make decisions is inescapable. If you wish to avoid investment decisions, choose a broad, low-management-fee index fund and hold it 'forever.'

Information and Ignorance

"The amount of erroneous information and ignorance about how the stock market really works and how to succeed in market is downright unbelievable."

--William J. O'Neil, How to Make Money in

Stocks, Second Edition, McGraw-Hill

New York 2000 p. 87

Investment Cycles & Trading Ranges

See chart and explanation

Investment Letters

There is no investment letter or stock advisory service which does not appear to offer sound logic and make excellent sense to at least some, and perhaps many, readers who speculate or invest in stocks, futures, options, or mutual funds--this site included. It comes down to a matter of whether the advice resonates well with your own intuitive judgment and feeling about what is offered. And this resonance test should take place over time, accompanied by comparisons with other alternative advisory letters offering similar advice.

Jung, C.G.

(see above, Enantiodromia)

Keynes, John Maynard

Knowledge

...without action pays no return. (After T.H. Huxley.) Other of his writings worth quoting here, "Perhaps the most valuable result of all education is the ability to make yourself do the thing you have to do when it ought to be done, whether you like it or not; it is the first lesson that ought to be learned; and however early a man's training begins, it is probably the last lesson that he learns thoroughly." --Technical Education, 1877

Also, "The chess board is the world, the pieces are the phenomena of the universe, the rules of the game are what we call the laws of Nature. The player on the other side is hidden from us. We know that his play is always fair, just, and patient. But also we know, to our cost, that he never overlooks a mistake, or makes the smallest allowance for ignorance." --A Liberal Education, 1868

Law of Positive Expectancy, the

If you expect something good, that is what you get. Its antilogy is the Law of Negative Expectancy--if you expect something bad, that is what you get. Actually, each is a subset of the Law of Expectancy, that is to say, what you expect is what you get.
Its relevancy here is that many users of this site will reap continuous positive results. Many will not and will quit. Given the same site material for both classes of users, to what else can one attribute the differences in outcome? To be sure, each viewer may use the material in different ways and make different periodic judgments, but what emotive power underlies these individual differences in judgments and use? There lies the difference in results.

Leverage

The effect of multiples on invested risk capital. High volatility example here. Low volatility example here.

(Very) Long-term Investment Cycles & Trading Ranges

variably 16 to 20 years duration--See chart and explanation

Longer-term

(also long-term or near-term--as opposed to short-term) approximately two months to nine months

Luther

Market Timing

A separate portion of the site, devoted to studies of timing the stock market across several time periods from a few days to decades and centuries. See Separate Section

Also see below Money Flows.

Measure / Measurement

To measure is to know. If you can not measure it, you can not improve it. --Lord Kelvin

But he also said,

Nothing can be more fatal to progress than a too confident reliance on mathematical symbols; for the student is only too apt to take the easier course, and consider the formula not the fact as the physical reality.

Measurement (Performance)

Medicine and the Stock Market

Metatropal(s)

define the whole rising and falling dynamic market process--more commonly called dunes and ponds, q.v. in the Separate Section on Market Timing.

Method

The site creates and uses mathematical constructs generated weekly from the sequential random behavior of stock prices.

It is important to note the distinction between method and system. Method is a way of doing things. System is a specific procedure using two or more methods.

This site provides methods (tools--which are ways of doing things). You, the investor or trader, provide the system (the choice of the manner in which the tools you have selected are uniquely applied). Thus, your results will differ from mine or your neighbors' as long as we are not using identical systems. Further, neither your system nor your neighbor's will be identical to mine.

Modus est in rebus

"There is measure in all things."
--Horace, Satires, Book I, 35 B.C.

Monetary Conditions

Monetary conditions are the primary catalyst in stock-market behavior.

Their most objective, de facto measure of impact is interest rates which are the price of money. When it is abundant,

Chart of the Monetary Environment & Stock Prices

the price is cheap, rates are low, and monetary liquidity is plentiful. When money is scarce, it is more expensive, rates rise, and liquidity diminishes.
The chart shows the rise and fall of stock prices as the top curve. Below it, is a combination of interest-rate series (click the chart to enlarge). The correlation is evident. When the series ascend, they bespeak abundant liquidity and concommitant rising stock prices. When liquidity is diminished, market prices fall, or the market becomes labored, narrow, and dangerous. Although stock values may rise for a while longer, the risk of loss is great in times of diminished liquidty.

The lower square wave (the yield curve: 90-day U.S. Treasury Bills less 10-year Treasury Notes) is the governor. It overrules any counter positive evidence the upper wave may be offering.

Rising or plateau liquidity is a sufficient cause of rising stock prices most of the time, but not a necessary one.

Money

See "Getting Money"

Money Flows

It is powerfully important that you know the overall trend directions of the Market and the Portfolios. The primary tool to do this is Money Flows. These data appear in numerical form for each portfolio each week

at the bottom of its Weekly Rankings table as well as at the bottom of the " This Week's Best" summary tables. The Money Flow values express the 'tone' or 'energy' of the directional movement of the stock prices of the portfolio. They are also expressed graphically in chart form in order to see the trends better (click on the chart to get full sized current version). The top three curves are the average weekly prices for each portfolio. The bottom curves are the Money Flows for each portfolio. Both sets of curves are color coded for easy visual association: red--Paradigm2000; blue--Internet Set; green--Classic Portfolio. Since the portfolios and their combination are aggregates of groups of stocks, individual issues may go against the trend. But in general it will be better to keep investments, or,especially, speculative positions, in keeping with the direction of their parent portfolios as expressed by their Money Flows.
A textbook example appears in the winter of the year 2000 when a noticeable divergence occurs between underlying Money Flows and portfolio prices. Click here to see a picture of what happened.
Money Flows below base lines are a substantial reason not to own stocks (check the large, current version chart which has its own site page). When a Flow drops through its base line into negative territory, moderate or serious price declines in the stocks in its Portfolio are more likely to continue than otherwise.

In the summary table This Week's Best, T is this week,T-1 is one week ago, T-2 is the week before that, and so on.
(See more below and also 'Perceptions'.)

Numbers

... pure numbers are best for stock work.
Joseph Conrad, in his tale within a tale, Heart of Darkness, has Marlow say, "...try as I may for the success of this yarn I am missing innumerable shades (of meaning)--they were so fine, so difficult to render in colourless words."
The wordy alternative to pure numbers is reliance on experts, none of whom has anything to do with pure numbers.

Numbers and Words

Both numbers and words are symbols of energy. Words mean many things to many peoples. In effect, there are as many meanings to words as there are people.
Numbers, on the other hand, tolerate no such fluidity of application and interpretation. By some miracle of human agreeableness and communication, their symbology and operations are uniformly agreed-to constructs accepted with identical meaning and uniform application everywhere and always. They express energy with impeccable precision.
If you are going to mess with stocks, you do best, I believe, to embrace numbers and leave the words for entertainment.
Stock charts are pictures of numbers. A series of lower numbers in a chart tells you with no uncertainty, here is a progression of falling energy, u.s.w.

One Hundred Stocks

See This Week's Best

Perception(s)

Samuel P. Huntington in another context says it beautifully in his fine book, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order Simon & Schuster New York 1996 368 pp ISBN 0-684-81164-2. (p. 30)
"Simplified paradigms or maps are indispensible for human thought and action. On the one hand, we may explicitly formulate theories or models and consciously use them to guide our behavior. Alternatively, we may deny the need for such guides and assume that we will will act only in terms of specific 'objective' facts, dealing with each case 'on its merits.' If we assume this, however, we delude ourselves. For in the back of our minds are hidden assumptions, biases, and prejudices that determine how we perceive reality, what facts we look at, and how we judge their importance and merits. We need explicit or implicit models so as to be able to:

1. order and generalize about reality;
2. understand causal relationships among
      phenomena
3. anticipate and, if we are lucky, predict future
      developments;
4. distinguish what is important from what is
      unimportant; and
5. show us what paths we should take to acheive
     our goals."
Dr. Huntington is an outstanding example among your contemporaries of clear, encompassing thinking and elegant style. His book is also, I think, possibly the World's most important at your turn of the Century. As one of your more widely traveled and sensitive observers states it, "His logic is impeccable--unfortunately."
See Facts

Performance Measurement

More on this later in the year.

Weekly Rankings & Stock Prices

Paradigm 2000

Weekly Rankings & Stock Prices

Internet Set

Weekly Rankings & Stock Prices

Portrait of me

The first color portrait you see of me when you come upon this site appears elsewhere on the World Wide Web. I am famous even to this day! This portrait of me is from the excellent site at the University of St. Andrews, Scotland. Recently, there were 25 trademarks listed with the U.S.Patent and Trademark Office which use my name. I am impressed at this residual fame after five centuries, but a little nonplussed. I understand lawyers name their groups after themselves, even in my time by and large a prideful bunch. Occasionally, an Italian family in my day would name its trading enterprise after itself. But the frequent use of my name in North America, Europe,and Asia in the year 2000 by all manner of enterprises puzzles me. Nevertheless, I am honored and wish them very well each and all in all their endeavors.

Practice of Medicine, Astronomy, and the Market

The Practice of the Stock Market has more in common with Medicine than with Astronomy. Astronomy rests on an array of intractable mathematical facts--the Orbits of the Celestial Spheres. Medicine is susceptible to personal analytical intrepretations--despite the existence of multitudinous perceived facts upon which which it rests. Two Doctors of Medicine in Bologna, presented independently with the same pathologically afflicted Patient, can easily arrive at very different diagnoses and prescribed therapies. Under one, the Patient dies. Under the other, he lives and thrives. It is much the same with the Market.

Prices

. . . are all there is in the stock market. And everything else is price dynamics.

Professionals and amateurs in the stock market

"I know that I am not following the very simple formula in my book so I want to tell why I am doing what I am and am not encouraging you to do the same thing. I have been trading for 30 years which is considerably more than most of you. The one thing that separates a professional trader from the novice is the ability to sell so as not to lose a lot of money. The pro is willing to take many small losses and let the winners ride.

"The amateur trader buys something and immediately thinks about his profit. The pro buys something and immediately thinks about how much loss he is willing to take before he gets out. He never worries about profit. That will take care of itself."

QQQ

Also see inception, tracking, performance and How to Use the Tradeable Indexes.

Random Walk Theory, the

(See Cootner, above.) I saw the phrase used recently by a financial journalist in one of your blather publications. Future research will show, I believe, that there was no such thing as random or 'random walk.' There are only laws--of which you have as yet no understanding, nor even suspicion of existence--which govern all phenomena. As Hamlet put it to his compagno, "There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio, than are dreamt of in your philosophy."

Self deception

Investor propensity for self deception in the stock market is without limit.

Shorter term

A few weeks to a few months

Single best answer to anything

It is fashionable in your Age to attribute single causes to phenomena. Witness the universally accepted conclusion that cigarette smoking causes lung cancer and death. The subtle, myriad factors which make up the human Gestalt of an inidivual entity and its ongoing physiology are too complex and multitudinous to permit a single clear attribution to causes other than trauma, and even that circumstance may be more complicated than is presently suspected. Therefore look to a hierarchy of causes in any isolated observable occurrence or family of occurrences, and be not over hasty to assign pre-eminence to any single cause.

There are no single ways or methods to acquire Wealth from the Stock Market. There are defined sets of tools. The way they are used by individual practioners produces the spectrum of results. See a pictorial of this under Bell Curve in the Separate Section of the site.

Single best way to make money in the Stock Market

There isn't any. But if there were, during the present epoch it may well be QQQ and its metatropals. That is because the NASDAQ-100 Trust Series (which trades as the symbol QQQ) is very big, very liquid, and sums up the best growth corporations in the world today, whose earnings and shares grow most rapidly of all companies, and its metatropals capture with good success the large upward and downward movements of the index itself.

Like the Zen Master who reaches satori understanding of the Universe in the contemplation of a single blade of grass, so the Stock-Market Practioner has enlightened knowledge of the Market in his watch of QQQ.

Current list of component companies in the index.

Social Security and the Stock Market

Why the Republican national candidate in the U.S. 2000 presidential election is more correct, and the Democratic candidate errs regarding the limited, voluntary use of stocks in the U.S. Social Security system. See Social Security

Soros, George

". . . financial markets are inherently unpredictable."
--Soros, Letter to the Editor The Wall Street Journal, January 8, 2001.

Vast success as an international speculator does not prevent a letter writer to the Journal from pronouncing blather. It is absurd to build a multibillion dollar fortune on prediction and then say it can't be done. Do you know anyone who would make a trade or an investment not expecting, i.e. predicting, that he or she would not make a gain on the transaction? Worse is further to say that "If financial markets are potentially unstable, there is a need for financial authorities who make it their business to prevent excesses" after he has reaped gargantuan profits himself from the very market instabilities which he would now have governments step in to restrict. Oy.

SP500 ( SPY )

Also see How to Use the Tradeable Indexes.

Statistics

Stock Market

A den of thieves. A castle of opportunity.

"And I think it takes a kind of cockroach resilience to survive in this town."
--Mel Gibson, Actor, Director, Producer, Writer (speaking of Hollywood)

Strongest stocks

"1" is best. Lower ranking numbers are weaker. See below the explanation of "This Week's Best".

Success . . . and Failure

"There's no time for sorrow or elation, because next week's another movie."
--Robert G. Friedman, President, Warner Bros., Worldwide Theatrical Advertising and Publicity, in The Movie Business Book, 2nd Edition, edited by Jason E. Squire, Simon & Schuster, New York

1992, p. 305

System

It is important to note the distinction between method and system. Method is a way of doing things. System is a specific procedure.

This site provides methods (tools--which are ways of doing things). You, the investor or trader, provides the system--your unique choice of the manner in which the tools you have selected are uniquely applied. See method.

Tables--Portfolios' Weekly Rankings and Stock Prices

Classic Portfolio Internet Set Paradigm 2000

This Week's Best

This weekly list shows the top stocks in weekly rankings derived from a combined master list of 100 stocks from all three portfolios. It shows two categories: shorter term and longer term. In each category, a rank of 1 is the stongest ("best"), 100 is the weakest. Continuing strong stocks are those which appear in both categories and are rising or steady in ranking. It is better for a stock's rankings to behave smoothly and steadily especially in the longer-term category. If a stock shows two consecutive weeks of decline in the longer term, it is usually best to sell it.

To see a stock's progression of rankings and prices over the previous 20 weeks in its own portfolio, note the Source Portfolio (last column in the table) and look at the stock there. Steady persistent rise in rankings, especially crossing median (18), is better than large, erratic jumps in level.

Tradeables (Index stocks for trading or investing)

Trading System, single best

Like the definitive "Hamlet," there isn't any.

Trading Rules

All trading rules are probabilistic. If you devise trading rules based on observation, you should build in a safeguard event to tell you the rule is failing to work favorably during a current episode, then act to terminate the trade before rule completion. In other words, have a real or mental stop-loss price and get out.

Trend , Trend Direction(s)

This is a verbal summary of portfolio status for the week, either "Up" or "Dwn." It is simply a statement of whether a portfolio's current average price is above or below its concurrent moving average price, the composition of the time range of which includes from several months to half a year. Money Flows, q.v., are more sensitive than Trend or Trend Directions to the changes in movement of prices.

A data row, %ofStcksUptrnds, appears in each Portfolio's Weekly Rankings table. It states what per cent of the stocks in the portfolio are in an uptrend. The range is from 0% to 100%. Above 50%, the market is strong, and the trend is up. Below 50%, the market is weak and the trend down. One method of investing or speculating is to buy and sell based on the level of this reading. At extremes above 90%, a short-term reversal downward in prices may be imminent. Below 20%, upon rising again above 20%, a major, long-term reversal into a new bull market becomes probable.

In the table This Week's Best, T is this week,T-1 is the week before, etc.

Trend Strength

This is a slightly more sensitive type of money-flow measure of the average directional bent of a portfolio. Data are included each week in the bottom portion of the portfolio's Weekly Rankings.

Trivia

Uncertainty Principle

Werner Heisenberg in 1927, of course, had much to say about this with respect to quantum mechanics, "The more precisely the position is determined, the less precisely the momentum is known," as well as physicist Freeman Dyson at Princeton University (quoted in Insight on the News Magazine, Vol.16, No.16, May 1, 2000, p.33), "You live with uncertainty just as you do in science. Science is mostly just a lot of clever tools, but that's what science is basically. It is a tool for getting knowledge." The Heisenberg site, mounted by the American Institute of Physics, is a gem and trove of fascinating information in layman's terms about Heisenberg, quantum physics, the Uncertainty Principle, and his controversial role in Germany under Hitler.

Viewing

If your screen does not let you see all 20 columns in each Portfolio's table of Weekly Rankings and Prices, and you prefer not to have to scroll to the right, temporarily changing your screen display to 800 by 600 pixels or greater will enable full display.

Waiver

stocks, mutual funds, etfs, market timing, and here, The Bishop's Coat of Arms in Rimini where we were his houseguests in 1512 and whose patronage I enjoyed in earlier years.

Alphabetical ordering of subjects Click on any live selection

Alphabetical ordering of subjects
Click on any live selection